protective steel doors are widely used in buildings due to their high resistance against the impact loads. However, its heavy weight has been always considered as a major drawback for these doors. In this paper, a new optimized stiffened impact-protective steel door incorporating sandwich panel with aluminum foam core (OSSA) is examined. This door consists of two face sheets, main and secondary stiffeners, and aluminum foam as the inner core. In order to optimize the door, at first the rigidity and weight functions of the stiffened steel door were extracted. Then an optimal door weighing 42% less than the primary door was obtained. Due to the high energy absorption capacity of the combined foam core and stiffened steel door structure, the use of aluminum foam core in the optimized steel door was proposed. By doing numerical analysis, and depending on the thickness of the face sheet of OSSA, 20 to 32% reduction in the maximum displacement was observed. The results also showed that, with 67% increase in the peak overpressure, OSSA has kept almost the same maximum displacement as that of the steel door without an aluminum foam. In other words, by using aluminum foam core in the optimized stiffened door, the door will resist 67% more impact load.

Background: Vancomycin is the most commonly used glycopeptide antibiotic against gram-positive bacteria, and 5 - 25% of users experience vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity. Dandelion has been used in traditional medicine since ancient times. Previous studies have indicated the protective effects of dandelion on kidneys in vivo. Objectives: In this study, the mechanism of this protective effect was investigated in vitro. Methods: After treatment of Vero cells with vancomycin and hydroalcoholic extract, cell viability was measured using the MTT technique. Untreated cells were considered as controls. Then, in three programs of pre-treatment, simultaneous treatment, and post-treatment, the protective effect was measured. Finally, the effect of dandelion extract on vancomycin-induced apoptosis was tested by diphenylamine assay and Annexin V staining. The expression of apoptotic markers was evaluated by real-time PCR technique. Results: The extract reduced the viability of the cells significantly at 100 and 200 µg/mL (P < 0.05) and at lower concentrations was not toxic to cells. Vancomycin reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In combination treatment, the extract protected Vero cells against the cytotoxic action of vancomycin. Also, apoptosis was significantly induced by vancomycin (P < 0.05), and the extract prevented apoptosis induced by vancomycin. Conclusions: Dandelion extract ameliorates vancomycin-induced toxicity. Therefore, the use of dandelion in combination with vancomycin may be a promising approach to the prevention of nephrotoxicity.

Context: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) play a crucial role in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Mebudipine, a dihydropyridine derivative CCB, was first synthesized in 1997. This study explores the potential benefits of mebudipine in managing cardiovascular disease, particularly as a derivative of nifedipine. Evidence Acquisition: The article succinctly presents the advancements in mebudipine research, which were uncovered through extensive searches in reputable scientific databases such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed, conducted by 2 blinded researchers. The search focused on studies relevant to mebudipine, using specific keywords. Results: Mebudipine exhibits cardioprotective effects, reducing the occurrence of arrhythmias and minimizing heart tissue damage. Additionally, it has been found to enhance the levels of nitric oxide metabolites. Due to its limited solubility in water, mebudipine is typically administered using a nanoemulsion. Importantly, it has been deemed a safe drug without mutagenic effects. Conclusions: Our review study underscores that mebudipine not only has a cardioprotective effect but also offers protection to other organs against various forms of injury induction. The mechanisms responsible for these protective effects may be linked to its ability to counteract oxidative stress, prevent apoptosis, and mitigate inflammation. Nevertheless, further research is needed to fully elucidate its potential.

Background and Objectives: Due to the approved antioxidant effects of curcumin, this study was conducted to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin against methandienone (dianabol) induced hepatotoxicity in male mice. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 35 adult male mice (weight=35± 2 g) were randomly assigned into five groups. The first group received 0. 2 ml of normal saline and second group received dianabol at 20 mg/kg/day orally. The treatment groups treated with 20 mg/kg/day of dianabol plus 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of curcumin, during 8 weeks by gavage. At the end of the experiment, the level of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amiotrasferase enzymes were measured and the quantitative changes of liver tissue were examined using stereological procedures. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’ s post-hoc test. Results: The volume of the liver, hepatocytes, sinusoids as well as alanine aminotrasferase and alkaline phosphatase levels increased significantly in dianabol treated group as compared with the control group (p<0. 05). Curcumin at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses significantly decreased the volume of the liver, hepatocytes, and sinusoides as well as the alanine aminotrasferase and alkaline phosphatase levels when compared to the dianabol treated group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that curcumin due to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can inhibit hepatic structural and functional alterations following dianabol administration.

Thyme plant is a member of the mint family that is considered as an aromatic perennial evergreen medical herb. Carvacrol and thymol are known as two important phenolic compounds of thyme plant. Carvacrol and thymol have been identified as antioxidant, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory substances. Also, the neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of these polyphenolic compounds have been identified in various diseases. In addition, carvacrol inhibits platelet aggregation and is capable to modulate the signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cellular proliferation. The protective effects of carvacrol and thymol have also been reported in some body systems including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems. In the present review study, the protective role of carvacrol and thymol as the main compounds of thymus plant has been studied on different biologic systems in disease models.

Cancer is one of the most difficult diseases to treat in modern medicine. Annually, many articles are published that propose various ways for preventing carcinogenesis. Furthermore, research into cancer treatments is carried out with minimal side effects. The most common non-invasive cancer treatments include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Low effectiveness of chemoradiation therapy and normal tissue toxicity caused by these treatments are two of the most difficult challenges. Some medicines have been recommended as adjuvants to increase tumor responses while also reducing normal tissue damage. Cerium oxide as a nanoparticle (nanoceria, CNPs) has recieved a lot of interest as a way to control tumor and normal tissue responses to various cancer treatment regimens. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that it can reduce chemo-radiation toxicity in normal tissues as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Furthermore, it has the ability to make cancer cells more sensitive to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this paper, we reviewed the potential role of nanoceria for preserving normal tissues and sensitization of cancer cells in combination with different cancer treatment modalities.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on emotion regulation with the mediating role of identity style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) Emotional Regulation Inventory, Identity Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted emotion regulation at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of identity styles. Informational identity style at a significance level of 0.01, confused identity style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative identity style. According to the results of this study, emotion regulation is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting emotion regulation and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

Background: Salep is used for various purposes in food industries and traditional medicine. Therefore, evaluation of its effect on the liver seems to be necessary.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess salep effect on liver.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, various concentrations of Salep were intraperitoneally administered to five groups of Wistar rats (control, placebo and 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg salep). After one month, liver enzymes and liver tissue were evaluated and compared between different groups.Results: Significant decreased level of liver enzymes, MDA (Malondialdehyde) and TOC (Total Oxidation Capacity) were found in various concentrations of salep administration. On the other hand, a significant increase was found in TAC (Total Antioxidant Capacity) level with various doses of salep.Conclusions: Elevated level of total protein and albumin and decreased level of liver enzyme by salep extract were found in this study. Therefore, this plant may be a useful medicine for patients with liver diseases.

Background: Fosfomycin (FOS) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis. It has bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. FOS also promotes phagocytosis, has immunomodulatory effects, and protects against the toxicity caused by other drugs. On the contrary, deoxynivalenol (DON) causes cytotoxicity on tissues of rapid growth and fast turnover. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of nuclear changes indicative of DONinduced apoptosis on intestinal cell cultures (Caco-2) and to evaluate the protective effect of FOS on mycotoxin-exposed cells. Materials and Methods: Cell cultures were treated as follows: (1) DON: 2. 8 µ g/mL, (2) calcium FOS: 580 µ g/mL, (3) DON 2. 8 µ g/mL + calcium FOS 580 µ g/mL, and (4) negative control. Nuclear morphology was evaluated in fixed cells stained with 4′ , 6-diamino-2-phenylindol and then visualized under an immunofluorescence microscope. Results: Percentages of cells with nuclear changes were significantly higher in cells treated with DON (31. 53% ± 4. 17%) compared to those incubated with the antibiotic in conjunction with the mycotoxin (5. 63% ± 4. 23%). On the contrary, there were no significant differences between cells incubated with DON + FOS and cells incubated only with the antibiotic (1. 10% ± 1. 55%) when compared to the negative control (3. 50% ± 0. 09%). Conclusion: The results from this study showed that DON induces nuclear changes suggestive of apoptosis in intestinal cells and that FOS can protect cells from DNA damage. Further studies are needed to determine whether DON induces apoptosis only on cells of epithelial origin and to understand the implications of FOS protective effect under in vivo conditions.